Vim Li Cas Lub Hnub Luam Ntawv Tseem Ceeb
Pebphau ntawv luam ntawvpem teb hauv Shenzhen tau khiav txij li xyoo 1995, thiab cov lus nug ntau tshaj plaws uas peb tau txais tom qab luam tawm tawm yog qhov no: "Yuav ua li cas tus neeg yuav khoom paub qhov no yog 2026 luam ntawv thiab tsis yog 2019?" Cov lus teb nyob ntawm ib nplooj ntawv - nplooj ntawv kev cai lij choj - thiab cov rooj sib txoos luam tawm muaj cov laus dua li niaj hnub offset lithography nws tus kheej.
Cov neeg nyeem tseem tsis meej pem ib phau ntawvcopyright xyoonrog nwsluam ntawv hnubtxhua lub sijhawm, thiab daim ntawv hla tebchaws tuaj yeem hloov pauv phau ntawv tsis muaj nuj nqis-lub club rov luam tawm rau hauv qhov xav tias "tsis tshua muaj thawj tsab" ntawm eBay, lossis ua rau tus neeg yuav khoom phau ntawv them nqi 2026 rau 2018 cov ntsiab lus. Ib phau ntawv muaj cai lij choj nyob rau xyoo 1978 tuaj yeem muab rov ua dua tshiab hauv xyoo 1995 thiab tom qab ntawd luam tawm lub cev hauv 2024 - tag nrho peb hnub tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau tib nplooj ntawv. Kev nyeem ntawv kom raug yog tsawg dua txog kev nco txog cov cai thiab ntau ntxiv txog kev nkag siab li cas cov tshuab luam ntawv thiab cov tshaj tawm tau pom zoo sib txuas lus keeb kwm ntau lawm rau xyoo dhau los.
Pib Nrog Cov Ntawv Tso Cai
Nplooj ntawv copyright - officially hu uatsab ntawv ceeb toomhauv kev lag luam - zaum ntawm verso (sab laug- sab tes) ntawm nplooj ntawv npe. Nws feem ntau nqa daim ntawv ceeb toom kev cai lij choj, cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm, luam tawm keeb kwm, cov ntaub ntawv teev npe, thiab ISBN.
Qhib cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub uas koj muaj thiab nrhiav tau lub cim ©. Xyoo tom ntej no yog xyoo uas tus sau lossis tus tshaj tawm sau npe rau cov ntawv sau npe - tsis yog xyoo uas phau ntawv lub cev tau tsim. Yog tias cov ntawv nyeem tau hloov kho nyob rau ntau xyoo, koj tuaj yeem pom qee yam xws li "© 1998, 2004, 2019," thiab xyoo dhau los qhia rau koj thaum cov ntawv tam sim no tiav. Kev luam ntawv nws tus kheej yuav tshwm sim ntau hli lossis xyoo tom qab.
Hauv qab no lossis ze ntawm daim ntawv ceeb toom kev cai lij choj, nrhiav ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia meej:
- "Thawj Tsab"los yog"Thawj Printing"- phau ntawv tsis tau hloov kho qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov no yog thawj zaug luam tawm
- "Second Edition, 2019"- cov ntawv nyeem tau hloov kho kom muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab qhov no yog thaum qhov hloov kho tshiab tau tso tawm
- "Reprinted [hli] [xyoo]"- feem ntau hauv British tshaj tawm; muab rau koj ncaj qha luam ntawv hnub
- "Tau luam tawm hauv Tebchaws Meskas, [xyoo]"- Kev xyaum ua neeg Amelikas laus, thiab yog ib qho kev sib tham uas ntseeg tau tshaj plaws
Lub Tshuab Luam Ntawv Tus Ntsiab Lus: Yuav Ua Li Cas Nyeem Kab Ntawm Tus lej
Nyob ze rau hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv copyright, feem ntau koj yuav pom ib ntu zoo li no:
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Qhov no yog qhovlub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij, kev coj ua qauv ntawm Asmeskas thiab Askiv cov tshaj tawm lag luam txij li xyoo 1940s lig. Nws yog ib qho kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws kev sib tham niaj hnub tshaj tawm tau muab rau peb.
Nyeem ib tug Standard Descending Key
Txoj cai yog deceptively yooj yim: lubtus lej qis tshajnyob rau hauv kab qhia koj uas luam ntawv koj muaj. A "1" tam sim no nyob qhov twg hauv kab txhais tau tias koj tab tom tuav thawj luam ntawv. Yog tias tus lej qis tshaj yog "4," koj muaj plaub luam ntawv. Thaum tus tshaj tawm sau xovxwm dua, lawv rho tawm tus lej qis tshaj ua ntej pawg tom ntej yuav mus rau - yog li ob kab luam ntawv thib ob nyeem "10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2," thiab lwm yam.
Random House Exception
Random House ua nws txawv me ntsis. Lawv thawj cov ntawv luam tawm qhia tias "2" yog tus lej qis tshaj, nrog cov kab lus "First Edition" luam tawm ncaj qha hauv qab no. Thaum lub thib ob luam ntawv hits xovxwm, cov kab lus "First Edition" raug tshem tawm tab sis lub "2" nyob twj ywm. Nws yog ib qho quirk tsim nyog paub yog tias koj tab tom txheeb Random House hardcovers - ib phau ntawv nrog "First Edition" tshem tawm tseem yog tib tsab ntawv, tsis yog thawj luam ntawv. CovIndependent Online Booksellers Associationtuav ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws publisher-los ntawm-Publisher reference yog hais tias koj xav tau mus xyuas ib tug tshwj xeeb imprint.
Xyoo thiab luam ntawv sib xyaw cov lej
Qee lub tshuab luam ntawv muab ob qho tib si xyoo thiab luam ntawv hauv tib kab. Ib kab nyeem06 05 04 03 02 7 6 5 4 3 2 1- hom ntawv O'Reilly thiab New Riders tau siv - txhais tau tias thawj qhov luam tawm yog xyoo 2002 (xyoo qis tshaj ntawm sab laug) thiab nws yog thawj luam ntawv (tus lej qis tshaj ntawm sab xis). Ib daim ntawv luam tom qab uas qhia tias qis tshaj xyoo "04" thiab tus lej qis tshaj "3" yog qhov thib peb luam tawm los ntawm 2004. Thaum koj kawm tus qauv, cov lej no tau nyeem sai.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Thaum Tsis Muaj Tus lej Kab
Lub tshuab luam ntawv cov yuam sij tau nthuav dav tom qab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, tab sis lawv yeej tsis muaj thoob ntiaj teb. Cov phau ntawv ua ntej xyoo 1940, me me - cov ntawv xovxwm, thiab ntau phau ntawv thoob ntiaj teb tsuas tsis muaj ib qho. Rau cov no, koj ua haujlwm rov qab los ntawm lwm cov lus qhia.
Ua ntej-1945 Publisher Conventions
Tshawb xyuas seb lub xyoo muaj cai thiab lub npe - nplooj xyoo sib phim. Nyob rau hauv ua ntej -1936 Macmillan cov phau ntawv, thawj qhov tseeb luam tawm yuav qhia tib lub xyoo ntawm ob nplooj ntawv. Yog tias nplooj ntawv lub npe muaj hnub tom qab tshaj li daim ntawv ceeb toom kev cai lij choj, koj yuav luag tau luam tawm dua. Ntau tus tshaj tawm ntawm xyoo 1900 thiab 1950 tau hais tias "First Edition" lossis "Second Impression" qhia meej yam tsis muaj tus lej kab - yog li qhov tsis muaj tus lej tsis yog los ntawm nws tus kheej tsis txaus ntseeg. CovAntiquarian Booksellers Association of Americamuaj cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws txog kev coj ua ua ntej xyoo 1900, uas sib txawv ntawm cov tsev.
Reprint Tsev Giveaways
Rov luam cov tsev xws li Grosset & Dunlap, Phau Ntawv Daim duab peb sab, thiab AL Burt ua rau cov khoom nyuaj. Grosset & Dunlap ib tsab ntawm 1925 tshiab tuaj yeem nqa thawj hnub tim 1925 tab sis tau luam tawm lub cev xyoo 1940 lossis 1948. Qhov muab pub dawb feem ntau yog luam tawm nws tus kheej - yog tias phau ntawv thawj tus tshaj tawm yog Scribner's thiab koj daim ntawv luam hais tias Grosset & Dunlap rov luam dua, koj nyob nraum. Hnub luam ntawv tiag tiag yuav tsum tau muab xam los ntawm cov ntawv Tshuag, khi style, lossis cov npe ntawm "lwm lub npe los ntawm tus sau no" luam tawm tom qab.
Siv ISBN los saib Hnub Luam Ntawv Online
Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws kuj yog ib qho kev qhia hla dhau tag nrho: hla -reference ISBN tiv thaiv ib qho online catalogue.
ISBNs tsis muaj nyob ua ntej 1967, thaum 9-tus lej SBN tau qhia hauv UK. CovInternational ISBN Agencystandardized hom ntawv 10-tus lej hauv xyoo 1970, thiab kev lag luam nthuav nws mus rau 13 tus lej thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2007. Yog li txoj cai ceev ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo:
- Tsis muaj ISBN→ yuav luag txhua yam luam tawm ua ntej xyoo 1970, lossis luam tawm facsimile
- 10-tus lej ISBN→ thawj zaug tawm ntawm 1970 thiab 2006 (txawm tias cov khoom yuav raug muag tom qab)
- 13-tus lej ISBN pib nrog 978 lossis 979→ tshaj tawm xyoo 2007 lossis tom qab ntawd
Cov cai no muab rau kojpem teb, tsis yog qab nthab - 2025 rov luam tawm ntawm 1982 lub npe tseem muaj 13 tus lej ISBN. Rau qhov tshwj xeeb luam ntawv, ntsaws ISBN rau hauv WorldCat, Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Congress catalogue, lossis Google Books; tag nrho peb daim ntawv teev npe hnub thiab feem ntau sau cov ntawv luam tawm tom ntej. Amazon's "Look Inside" feature nquag qhia cov nplooj ntawv ntiag tug ncaj qha, uas tso cai rau koj nyeem lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij yam tsis muaj phau ntawv.
Rau e-cov phau ntawv, lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij tsis muaj nyob, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv metadata - tuaj yeem pom hauv Kindle's "Book Details", lossis los ntawm kev qhib EPUB'scontent.opfcov ntaub ntawv - yog hnub tshaj tawm thiab qee zaum hnub hloov kho.
Plua plav Jacket, Ntawv Tshuag, thiab lwm yam lus tsis txaus ntseeg
Plua plav tsho nqa lawv tus kheej ncua sij hawm. Ib lub tsho luv nqi nrog $ 7.95 thawj clipped thiab hloov los ntawm $ 8.95 daim nplaum yog ib daim ntawv sau thawj lub xeev ntawm Stephen King'sSalem ntau; Yog tsis muaj lub tsho, phau ntawv ib leeg qhia tsis tau koj li zaj dab neeg. Jackets kuj muaj kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag tsis pom - thiab yog tias qhov muag tsis pom qhov kev tshuaj xyuastib phau ntawv, koj tsis tuav thawj lub tshuab luam ntawv, vim tias thawj zaug - cov tsho luam tawm yog tsim ua ntej muaj kev tshuaj xyuas.
Cov ntawv Tshuag tuaj yeem tshaj tawm cov nplooj ntawv muaj cai thaum ob qhov tsis pom zoo. Ib phau ntawv thov "First Edition, 1952" tab sis luam tawm ntawm daim ntawv dawb nrog lub zoo meej - khi qaum yuav luag yog qhov luam tawm - ntawm - thov facsimile. CovANSI / NISO Z39.48 tus qauv ntawv ruaj khovthawj zaug tau tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 1984, thiab cov tshaj tawm kev lag luam tseem ceeb tau txais cov kua qaub- cov khoom lag luam pub dawb maj mam dhau mus rau xyoo 1980s. Kev sib txuas zoo tag nrho cov kev sib tw sewn kos npe hauv pawg- kev lag luam tsim los ntawm xyoo 1960 thiab 70s. Yog tias koj tab tom ntsuas phau ntawv rau tus nqi, flex tus txha nraub qaum, saib ntawm daim ntawv ntug, thiab hnov cov ntawv npog. Cov kab no nyuaj rau fake.
Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav kev luam tawm los ntawm txawv teb chaws, cov tib lub cev ib txwm yog qhov koj cov neeg siv khoom yuav siv los txiav txim qhov zoo. Peb cov neeg siv khoom ua haujlwmme nyuam phau ntawv luam ntawvtej yaam num feem ntau nug peb kom phim ib tug ua ntej khiav cov ntawv hnyav raws nraim, vim hais tias cov collectors thiab cov niam txiv tuaj yeem qhia qhov txawv. Kev npaj ntse - suav nrogxim tswj hauv phau ntawv luam ntawvthiab ua ntej- nias checks tiv thaiv tus qauv ua ntej - tiv thaiv cov ntawv- Tshuag mismatch uas hnub ib phau ntawv tawm tsam nws lub sijhawm.
Feem ntau yuam kev tib neeg ua thaum sib tham nrog phau ntawv
Ua ntej koj txiav txim siab txog tus nqi, pov thawj, lossis rov xaj cov qauv, xyuas koj qhov kev xav tiv thaiv plaub qhov yuam kev no:
- Kho lub xyoo copyright raws li lub xyoo luam ntawv.Xyoo © yog hnub luam tawm ntxov tshaj plaws, tsis tshua muaj qhov tseeb. Nco ntsoov ncua mus rau lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij lossis ib qho "Printed in [xyoo]" kab.
- Piv txwv tias "First Edition" txhais tau tias thawj luam ntawv.Ib "Thawj Ib, Sixth Printing" tseem yog qhov thib rau ntawm cov ntawv tsis hloov pauv. Cov neeg sau khoom them tus nqi them rau thawj tsabthiabthawj luam ntawv ua ke - tsis yog ib qho lossis lwm yam.
- Tsis quav ntsej tus tshaj tawm.Yog tias koj daim ntawv luam tawm tsis yog phau ntawv luam tawm thawj zaug, koj tab tom tuav ib tsab ntawv tom qab los ntawm kev txhais, tsis hais cov nplooj ntawv copyright thov. Qhov no ntes tau ntau Grosset & Dunlap thiab phau ntawv -club reprints.
- Tso siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pov thawj.Qee cov ntawv xov xwm txhob txwm tshaj tawm hnub nyoog daim ntawv thiab khi kom saib ua ntej- tsov rog. Nco ntsoov xyuas ISBN thiab cov ntawv Tshuag ua ntej them tus nqi raws li "laus" phau ntawv zoo li cas.
Ib 60-thib ob Walkthrough rau Txhua Hardcover
Rub ib phau ntawv tawm ntawm koj lub txee thiab ua haujlwm los ntawm cov no hauv kev txiav txim:
- Xyoo twg zaum ntawm lub cim ©? Nov yog koj hnub ntxov tshaj plaws.
- Puas muaj lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij? Yog tias muaj, tus lej qis tshaj yog dab tsi? Nov yog koj tus lej luam ntawv.
- Puas muaj ib xyoos twg los ua rau tib kab lossis hais cais? Muab ob qho tib si rau koj cov lus teb.
- Yog tias lub tsho plua plav tam sim no, puas muaj nqi? Ib lub tsho uas tsis muaj nqi feem ntau qhia txog phau ntawv -club tsab.
- Puas muaj 10 tus lej lossis 13 tus lej ISBN? Siv nws los saib cov ntawv luam tshwj xeeb hauv WorldCat lossis Library of Congress catalogue.
Yog tias koj tau khiav tag nrho tsib thiab tseem tsis muaj dab tsi - tsis muaj tus lej kab, tsis muaj daim ntawv luam tawm, tsis muaj ISBN - tej zaum koj tab tom saib phau ntawv luam tawm ua ntej 1945 lossis me me - xovxwm lub npe. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, hla -qhia tus tshaj tawm tawm tsam keeb kwm luam ntawv-cov ntaub ntawv coj ua, lossis tiv tauj ib tus neeg muag phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj. Qee phau ntawv tiag tiag tsis tuaj yeem sau hnub tseeb yam tsis muaj kev txawj ntse, thiab cov lus teb ncaj ncees yog hais li ntawd.
Ib Tus Neeg Tshaj Tawm Cov Lus Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Tawm Ntawm Cov Ntiv Tes Ua Kom Zoo
Txhua yam saum toj no yog qhov ntxeev ntawm qhov uas cov tshaj tawm hais kom peb ua thaum lawv ua haujlwm luam tawm tshiab. Lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij uas tus neeg sau tau nyeem tom qab yog tib kab uas peb teem rau ntawm phaj ua ntej ib phau ntawv mus nias. Xyoo tas los no, ib tug tshaj tawm tau hais kom peb rov luam ib daim ntawv sau paj huam xyoo 2018 uas tsis muaj cov ntawv hloov pauv; peb tau hloov kho lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij los ntawm "1" mus rau "2" thiab rov pib dua hnub tim rau 2025. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tsuas yog txoj hauv kev rau cov neeg yuav khoom yav tom ntej tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm ob pawg. Seb koj tab tom ua haujlwmphau ntawv luam ntawv, a Phau Vajlugkub printingreorder, lubphau ntawv luam ntawvrau ib lub khw muag khoom kab, tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv huv huv ntawm nplooj ntawv copyright tsis muaj nqi thiab tiv thaiv phau ntawv pov thawj mus ib txhis. Nws tsim nyog ua qhov yog thawj zaug.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas yog lub xyoo copyright tib yam li hnub luam ntawv?
Lawv tsis yog tib yam, thiab sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov yuam kev ntau tshaj plaws. Lub xyoo copyright qhia rau koj thaum cov ntawv nyeem tau raug cai tiv thaiv. Ib phau ntawv copyrighted nyob rau hauv 1965 tej zaum yuav tau reprinted txhua txhua xyoo txij li thaum. Ib txwm siv lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij lossis ib kab "Printed in [xyoo]" los txheeb xyuas hnub luam tawm tiag.
"First Edition" ntawm nplooj ntawv muaj cai txhais li cas?
Nws txhais tau tias phau ntawv tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv hom los ntawm thawj qhov chaw thiab tsis tau hloov kho ntau yam. Nws tsis cia li txhais tau tias thawj luam ntawv. Ib "Thawj Ib, Sixth Printing" yog qhov thib rau ntawm cov ntawv tsis hloov pauv. Cov neeg sau khoom them tus nqi them tsuas yog thaum ob qho xwm txheej - thawj tsab thiab thawj luam ntawv - tau ua tiav.
Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj li hnub tim phau ntawv uas tsis muaj lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij thiab tsis muaj tsab ntawv tshaj tawm?
Hla -peb siv peb yam: seb puas muaj ISBN tam sim no (post-1970 yog 10-tus lej, tom qab-2007 yog 13-tus lej), tus tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm (cov ntawv qhia los ntawm IOBA lossis ABAA npog qhov no), thiab lub cev style cues xws li ntawv acidity, binding. Rau cov phau ntawv ua ntej xyoo 1945, kev sab laj tus muag phau ntawv tsis tshua muaj feem ntau yog tib txoj kev txhim khu kev qha.
Puas yog phau ntawv -club edition suav tias yog kev luam ntawv tshwj xeeb?
Technically yog, tab sis phau ntawv - cov ntawv sau ua si tau raug kho raws li ib pawg cais los ntawm cov neeg sau. Lawv feem ntau tsis muaj lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij nkaus thiab nqa lub cim "BCE" me me lossis muaj tus nqi tshem tawm ntawm lub tsho plua plav. Tshwj tsis yog tias lawv tsuas yog ib tsab ntawv hardcover nkaus xwb, lawv muaj cov nqi lag luam tsawg heev.
Yog tias kuv yog tus kheej - luam tawm, kuv puas yuav tsum suav nrog lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij?
Tsis muaj kev cai lij choj. Tab sis yog tias koj npaj siab taug qab cov ntawv luam tawm, muag thoob ntiaj teb, lossis tswj hwm kev lag luam thib ob rau koj phau ntawv, ntxiv lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij yog tus qauv kev coj ua thiab tsis muaj nqi dab tsi. Txhua lub tshuab luam ntawv muaj peev xwm yuav ntxiv nws thaum ua ntej - nias yog tias koj nug. Rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov sib txawv khiav, peb phau ntawv qhia rauseb koj puas tuaj yeem luam me nyuam phau ntawv hauv tsevnpog qhov twg DIY xaus thiab kev lag luam xovxwm pib.
Nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau kev luam tawm kom ncav cuag rhawv tom qab hnub luam ntawv?
Feem ntau yog plaub mus rau yim lub lis piam ntawm hnub tim rau ntawm nplooj ntawv muaj cai thiab cov khw muag khoom muaj, nyob ntawm txoj kev xa khoom, tus neeg muag khoom tuav, thiab kev muag khoom muag. Rau kev npaj ntau lawm, saib peb lub ntsiab lus ntawmntev npaum li cas phau ntawv luam ntawv siv sijhawm- ncua sij hawm rau cov phau ntawv khi yog sib piv.
Kuv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov chaw muag khoom uas kos cov hnub luam ntawv kom raug?
Cov tshuab luam ntawv tsim lag luam feem ntau tuav lub tshuab luam ntawv tus yuam sij raws li tus qauv ua ntej - nias. Yog tias koj tab tom ntsuas cov kev xaiv, peb cov kev sib tw ntawmCov ntawv luam tawm saum toj kawg nkausthiabua cov phau ntawv luam ntawv luam ntawv nyob hauv Suav tebnpog dab tsi los nrhiav, suav nrog yuav ua li cas cov neeg muab khoom siv rov luam dua traceability. Cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb xws liink los ntshav hauv phau ntawv luam ntawvlos yogntau- hom kev luam ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv tawvkuj tseem tsim nyog tshuaj xyuas yog tias lawv siv rau koj qhov project.
